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Tuen the foremost of Raghus addressed Ocean in stern words, saying, —‘‘To-day will 1 dry up the Ocean along with the nether regions. And, O Ocean, thy waters being burnt up by my shafts, and thou being dried up, with thy (aquatic) animals slaughtered, a mighty volume of dust shall arise (from thy bed). And, O Ocean, in consequence of the arrowy shower discharged from my how, the monkeys shall go over tothe further shore on foot. Haviny attained dimensions in consequence of access of waters, thou knowest not my manliness or my prowess, But, O abode of Danavas, grief shalt thou reap at my hands.” Then fixing an arrow resembling the rod of Brahma with a Brahma Mantra, on the best of bows, that exceedingly strong on drew it. And as Raghava suddenly stretched his bow, heaven and earth seemed to be riven, and the mountains trembled. And darkness covered the world, and the cardinal points became invisible. And at once the watery expanses and rivers were agitated. And the stars appeared simultaneously with the Sun and Moon.t And the sky was illumined: with the rays of the Sun, and yet it was overspread with darkness; and it burned with an hundred meteors. And thunder-bolts sending forth sounds surpassing all others, dropped from the firmament. And the * Celestial saints. +.The phenomenon, remarks the commentator, was owing to the heavenly bodies obstructing cach other’s orbit.—T. 146

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winds began to blow violently; breaking down trees and momentarily scattering clouds ; damaging mountain-tops and shattering summits. And then the dread and mighty thunders possessing impetuous speed and emitting tremendous roars,— coming together, produced lightning flashes. And those creatures that could be seen, uttered sounds resembling the thunder; and those that were invisible gave forth frightful cries. And overwhelmed with fright, and quaking (for fear), the creatures began to measure their lengths,—and they were sore affiicted, and bereft of motion through terror. And then the mighty deep with its animals, and with its waters and waves, and with its serpents and Rakshasas, was suddenly wrought up with a violent motion. And albeit it was not the occasion of the universal dissolution, the Ocean passed beyond his shores for a full hundred yoyanas. And seeing the-elated Ocean—lord of streams and rivers—thus overpass his bounds, that -destroyer of enemies, Raghu’s son, Rama, was not moved.* Then from forth the mid-sea arose Ocean himself, even as the maker of day riseth from the mighty ascending-hill, Meru. ‘And accompanied by Pannagast of flaming faces, the Ocean showed himself, appearing like cool lapises, adorned with golden ornaments,—wearing a wreath of gems and a jewelled vesture, with his eyes resembling lotus-leaves, bearing on his head a noble garland containing “all flowers ; decked with ornaments of polished gold; as well with excellent ornaments of gems originating in himself, like the mountain Himavan embellished with metals (sprung in himself),—(the Ocean arose) with wave on wave whirling around, and rife with winds blowing among clouds,—surrounded by streams, Gang4, Sindhu (and others). And approaching the arrow-showering Rama, and greeting him fair, Ocean ‘spoke unto him with joined hands,—“O Raghava, earth, air, * Néatichakréma may also mean, (Réma) did not discharge any more arrows.—T. + Semi-divine serpents,—T.

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sky, water and light,—these, O mild one, retaining their eternal course, maintain their (respective) natures. Mine also is that nature whereby I am fathomless and incapable of being crossed. The reverse of this is the having a bottom. And for this reason I speak to thee (concerning the means’. O king’s son, not from desire, or covetuousness, or fear, or anger, can I anywise deprive my waters abounding in alligators of their (perpetual) motion. I will tell thee how thou wilt pass (over me); and 1 will bear it. And no ferocious aquatic animals shall do wrong so long as thy forces have not crossed. And, O Rama, I will make as it were firm land for the crossing over of the monkeys.” Then Rama said,—“O Varuna’s abode, listen to me! This arrow (of mine) must accomplish the end ‘intended). Where shall I let it light ?? Hearing Rama’s speech, and looking at the mighty arrow, that exceedingly energetic one, the great Deep, addressed Raghava, saying,—“There is a certain spot of mine in the North, which is more sacred (than the rest). It is famed as Drumakulya, even as thou art famed in the world. There are there many robbers of ferocious forms and actions, —wicked wights, headed by cow-herds,—who drink of my water. These persons of unrighteous acts touch me, and I cannot bear this sin. O Rama, do thou at that place render this best of arrows successful.’’ Hearing the words of the high-souled Ocean, (Rama) immediately after,* let fly that flaming shaft. And the place where the arrow resembling the thunder-bolt and vajra in splendour, alighted, hath been celebrated on earth as Marukantaéra. And hurt with the dart, the Earth emitted roars; and in consequence of this, water began to gush out at the mouth of the wound from the Subterranean regions. And this then became well-known as Vrana ; and there are seen the. waters of the Ocean spring up. And there arose a terrific report of riving. And owing * Sdgaradarcandt—may also mean, agreeably to the Ocean’s instruction.—T, ; ;

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to this,* as well as the incident of the arrow, the water that existed in the tanks, was dried up. Having dried up Maruk&nt&ra famous throughout the three regions, as well as the reservoirs of water, Rama the son of Dagaratha, learned and of god-like prowess, conferred a boon on the desert, saying,—“This place shall be filled with food nourishing beasts ; and ailments shall be rare here. And the fruits and roots shall be replete with relish ; and it shall abound in oil — and overflow with milk ; and it shall contain various odorous drugs.” Thus did the desert come to possess these attributes ; and from R4ma’s bestowal of a boon, it attained a pleasant aspect. On that place being burnt up, that lord of streams, the Ocean, thus spake unto Raghava, versed in every branch of learning,—“O mild one, this one is named Nala, son unto Vigwakarma. He hath received a boon from his sire. Vigwakarma’s son is well pleased with thee. Let this monkey, surcharged with exhuberant spirits, build a bridge over me. I will hold that up. This one is as his sire.’’ Having delivered himself thus, Ocean disappeared. Then that foremost of monkeys, Nala, arising, spoke unto the mighty Rama,—Resorting to my sire’s skill, 1 will build a bridge over the spacious abode of Makaras. The mighty Ocean hath spoken justly. In respect of the ingrate even chastisement is supreme in this world,—this is my conviction. Down with forbearance, or moderation, or gift ! This dreadful Ocean, this mighty deep, expecting to see a bridge (thrown over him), hath granted depth unto Raghava.—(Formerly) in Mandara, Vigwakarma had conferred a boon on my mother :. ‘O exalted one, thy son shall be like me.’ I ama son of his, sprung from his loins, and I am like unto Vigwakarma. Not having been asked by thee, I had not unfolded my qualifications. I also am capable of constructing a bridge over Varuna’s abode. Therefore this very day let the foremost monkeys construct the bridge.” Then directed by Rama, the * i.e. the sound.

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principal monkeys with alacrity entered the mighty forest in hundreds and thousands. And themselves resembling mountains, the foremost of the monkeys began to break down trees and draw them towards the Ocean. And the monkeys filled the Ocean with sé/as, and agwakarnas, dhavas, bamboos and kutajas, arjunas, palms, tilakas, tinigas, dillakas, saptaparnas, and blossoming karnikéras, mangoes, and agoka trees. And those monkeys—the foremost of their species—began to gather the trees, some with their roots, and some without them,—carrying them like Indra’s ensign. And those huge-bodied monkeys possessed of prodigious strength, procured palms and pomegranates. cocoanuts and Vibhitakas, Kariras, Vakulas, and Nimbas,—as well as_ rocks. measuring elephants’ dimensions ; and uprooting crags, they carried them by means of machines. And on rocks being plunged into the waters, the latter, suddenly swelling up, mounted to the welkin, and again subsided.—And (the trees) dropping (into the deep), vexed it all around. And some took lines (for insuring straightness unto the bridge). And at the middle of the lord of rivers and streams, Nala made a grand bridge measuring an hundred yoyanas. And then he set about constructing the bridge with the assistance of monkeys of dreadful deeds. And some took the measuring rod, and others bore (timber to the sea). And by help of hundreds of monkeys following Rama’s mandate, hued like clouds or mountains, (they) constructed a bridge with grass, and wood. And the monkeys made the bridge of trees with blossoming tops. And (monkeys) resembling Danavas were seen rushing all around with rocks resembling hills, and Mountain-summits. And tremendous was the tumult that arose of crags thrown and rocks toppled down into the mighty deep. And_on the first day the elephant-like monkeys full of spirits and exerting themselves vigorously, finished fourteen yoyanas. And the exceedingly strong and hugebodied monkeys on the second day speedily disposed of

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. twenty yoyanas. And on the third day the huge-bodied active monkeys did one and twenty yoyanas on the sea. And on the fourth day the exceedingly impetuous monkeys, bestirring themselves vigorously, did two and twenty yoyanas. And on the fifth day the fast-speeding monkeys accomplished three and twenty yoyanas reaching unto the fair shore. And ~ resembling his sire; that best of monkeys, the lusty and graceful offspring of Vigwakarm&, (thus) constructed the bridge over the sea. And that bridge built by force over the abode of makaras, looked graceful and splendid like the Milky way in the firmament. And then the deities and Gandharbas, the Siddhas and the prime saints, appearing in the heavens, stood there, eager to behold this wonder. And the gods and Gandharbas saw that bridge of Nala, difficult of being made, having an area of ten yoyanas and measuring an hundred in length. And the monkeys, leaping and bounding and roaring, as well as all creatures, beheld that building of the bridge on the ocean, inconceivable, and marvellous, displaying skill past thought and capable of making one’s hair stand on end. And those thousands of Kotis of exceeding vigor, having constructed the bridge over the ocean, went over to the other shore of the mighty main. And spacious, skillfully constructed, graceful, well-paved and nicely finished, the great bridge appeared like the line where the hair hath been parted on the Ocean’s head. Then on the other shore of the ocean, Bibhishana,with the view of opposing foes (that might advance), stationed himself mace in hand, along with some councilors. Then Sugriva spoke unto Rama having truth for his prowess,—“Do thou get upon Hanuman, and let Laskhmana get upon Angada. O hero, vast is this Ocean—abode of Makaras. These monkeys, rangers of the sky, shall hold you up both.” Thereat the graceful and righteous Rama along with Lakshmana, equipped with his bow, set out in the van of the army in company with Sugriva. And some monkeys proceeded along the middle, and some

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plunged into the deep, and some went by the road. And some coursed through ‘the air, bounding up bird-like. And that dreadful array of monkeys crossing over, with its mighty uproar drowned the dreadful roar of the deep, which . had been arising. Onthe monkey-host having crossed by the ‘bridge of Nala, the king stationed it on the shore abounding in fruits, roots and water. Beholding that work of Kaghava incapable of being performed,the deities together with the Siddhas and Charanas, and the Maharshis, suddenly presenting themselves before Rama, sprinkled him-one by one with sacred water, and said,—"Mayst thou be victorious, O human-divine one! Rule thou the Earth eternally !” Thus in various auspicious words, did they pay homage unto that one honored by the Brahmanas, Rama.